29 September

๐Ÿ“ˆ THE ULTIMATE & SUPER-DETAILED GUIDE TO STOCK TRADING (FROM ZERO TO ADVANCED)

Quick-Start Checklist (Beginner-Friendly)

  1. Decide how much capital you can risk (e.g., RM5,000 or RM20,000).
  2. Open a CDS (Central Depository System) + Trading Account through a licensed broker.
  3. Deposit funds into your trading account (via FPX/online banking).
  4. Create a watchlist of 10–20 potential stocks.
  5. Run fundamental screening + technical screening.
  6. Build a trading plan: entry rules, stop-loss, profit target, risk per trade.
  7. Place your first order (market or limit).
  8. Monitor, review, and keep a trading journal for every trade.

1) Account Opening & Operations

  • CDS Account – stores your shares in your name.
  • Trading Account – connected to your broker’s platform for buy/sell.
  • Documents needed – ID (IC/Passport), proof of address, sometimes proof of income.
  • Deposit funds – via FPX/online transfer, ensure correct reference.
  • Contract Note – issued after every trade (record of purchase/sale).
  • Settlement cycle – usually T+2 (trade date + 2 business days).

Tip: Choose a broker with:
✅ Low fees & transparent brokerage commission
✅ Reliable mobile app & charting tools
✅ Responsive customer support

2) Core Knowledge Before You Trade

  • Types of traders/investors

    • Investor (long-term) → focuses on company fundamentals.
    • Trader (short-term) → profits from price movements.
    • Dividend investor → seeks steady dividend income.
    • Growth investor → looks for fast-growing companies.

  • Time Commitment

    • Day trading → requires constant monitoring.
    • Swing/position trading → moderate monitoring.
    • Long-term investing → less frequent attention.

  • Golden Rule → Never use emergency funds. Only invest what you can afford to lose.

3) Fundamental Analysis (FA) — Step by Step

Purpose: Find good companies that are profitable, sustainable, and undervalued.

Key Metrics & Formulas

  • EPS (Earnings per Share) = Net Profit ÷ Number of Shares.
  • P/E Ratio = Price ÷ EPS (compare with industry average).
  • PEG Ratio = P/E ÷ Earnings Growth Rate (<1 = attractive).
  • P/B Ratio = Price ÷ Book Value per Share.
  • ROE (Return on Equity) = Net Income ÷ Equity (>10% is healthy).
  • Debt-to-Equity (D/E) = Total Debt ÷ Equity (<0.7 is safer).
  • Dividend Yield = Dividend per Share ÷ Share Price × 100%.

Example Calculation

  • Stock Price = RM2.50, EPS = RM0.10
    → P/E = 2.50 ÷ 0.10 = 25
  • Dividend = RM0.20 per share
    → Yield = 0.20 ÷ 2.50 = 8%

4) Technical Analysis (TA) — Practical Tools

Purpose: Find the right time to enter/exit.

  • Moving Averages (MA) → SMA50, SMA200.
    • Price above SMA50 = bullish.
  • RSI (Relative Strength Index)

    • 70 = overbought, <30 = oversold.

  • MACD (12,26,9) → bullish when MACD line crosses above signal line.
  • Bollinger Bands (20,2) → price touching lower band = oversold.
  • Volume → confirm trend strength.
  • Support & Resistance → key price levels.
  • Candlestick Patterns → hammer, engulfing, doji.

Example entry strategy: Buy when price pulls back near SMA50, RSI is 40–60, and volume increases.

5) Order Types You Must Know

  • Market Order → buy/sell instantly at current market price.
  • Limit Order → buy/sell at your chosen price (better control).
  • Stop-Loss Order → automatically sell to cut losses.
  • Trailing Stop → follows price upward to lock profit.

6) Risk Management (The Most Important Part)

๐ŸŽฏ Rule: Protect your capital first, profits second.

  • Risk per trade: 0.5–2% of portfolio.
  • Diversify across 5–10 stocks.
  • Always set stop-loss.

Example: Position Sizing

  • Portfolio = RM20,000, Risk per trade = 1% = RM200.
  • Entry = RM3.00, Stop = RM2.70 → Risk = RM0.30/share.
  • Position size = RM200 ÷ RM0.30 = 666 shares (≈600 shares after rounding).

7) Trading Strategies

  • Long-Term Investing → buy strong companies, hold for years.
  • Dividend Investing → focus on stable yield.
  • Value Investing → buy undervalued stocks.
  • Growth Investing → high revenue & EPS growth companies.
  • Swing Trading → hold 1–8 weeks based on momentum.
  • Day Trading → fast trades in 1 day (high risk).

8) Corporate Actions You Must Track

  • Dividends (cash/stock).
  • Bonus issue / stock split → affects share count & price.
  • Rights issue → new shares offered.
  • Announcements → quarterly results, acquisitions, mergers.

9) Fees & Taxes

  • Brokerage commission (fixed or %).
  • Stamp duty (small %).
  • Clearing & exchange fees.
  • Dividend tax (in Malaysia, dividends are tax-exempt for individuals).

10) Trading Plan Template (Fill This Before Every Trade)

  • Style: Investor / Trader / Swing
  • Risk per trade: (e.g., 1%)
  • Entry Criteria: (FA + TA rules)
  • Stop-Loss Rule: (e.g., 8% below entry)
  • Profit Target: (RRR 1:2 or 1:3)
  • Review frequency: weekly/monthly

11) Trading Journal (Log Every Trade)

Columns:

  • Date
  • Ticker
  • Entry Price
  • Exit Price
  • Position Size
  • Stop-Loss Level
  • Profit Target
  • Fees
  • Net P/L (%)
  • Lessons Learned

12) Psychology & Discipline

  • Avoid revenge trading after losses.
  • Don’t follow the crowd blindly.
  • Stick to your plan even when emotional.
  • Common biases: FOMO, overconfidence, loss aversion.

13) Practical Tools & Resources

  • Apps/Brokers → M+ Online, Rakuten, Maybank, RHB.
  • Screeners → TradingView, Yahoo Finance, Investing.com.
  • Education → Bursa Academy, books (The Intelligent Investor, One Up on Wall Street).

14) Case Study — From Selection to Exit

  1. Screen for stocks with ROE >12%, D/E <0.5, revenue growth.
  2. Select 3 stocks for watchlist.
  3. Wait for pullback near SMA50 + RSI 40–50.
  4. Enter with limit order.
  5. Set stop-loss 8% below entry.
  6. Set profit target at 16% (RRR 1:2).
  7. Scale out at +10%, trail the rest.

15) Common Mistakes New Traders Make

❌ Buying “penny stocks” just because they’re cheap.
❌ Following tips blindly.
❌ Not using stop-loss.
❌ Overtrading.
❌ Using loan money.

16) Advanced Steps Once You’re Comfortable

  • Backtest your strategies.
  • Use alerts & screeners.
  • Explore ETFs, REITs, robo-advisors.
  • Automate parts of your trading plan.

✅ Final Advice

Stock trading is not a get-rich-quick scheme.
It requires:

  • Discipline
  • Risk management
  • Continuous learning

Start small (RM1,000–RM2,000), refine your system, and scale up once consistent.

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